Mughal Sultanat History Part-1 in hindi/Urdu

Mughal Sultanat (Mughal Empire)

Mughal Empire (1526-1857)

Humne pichle kuch post me Babar se lekr Aurangzeb Aalamgir tak ki Tariq ko bayan kiya hai. Ab Aaj hum iss post ke zariye Aurangzeb ke baad se Mughal Sultanat ke khatme tak Tamam Badshahon ke bare me baat karenge Aur sath me dusri ahem Mughal Sultanat ke Tariq ke bare me baat karenge.

Mughal Sultanat aaj ke Hindustan, Pakistan Bangladesh gaur Afghanistan k eek bhot bade khitte par hukumat karne wali pahli Muslim Sultanat hai. Isne pahle Delhi Sultanat par khabza karliya uske baad ek ke baad ek fatuhat hasil karke gujrat Sultanat, Rajput Sultanat, Deccan Sultanat aur bangal ki Sultanat ko apne Hukumat me shamil kar liya.

Mughal Sultanat ke Darul Hukumat (Capitals of Mughal Empire):

• 1526 se 1571 tak Mughal Sultanat ka darul hukumat  Aagra tha (iss darmiyan 1541-1555 tak suri hukumat bhi thi).
• 1571 se 1585 tak Fatehpur Sikri Mughal Sultanat ka Darul Hukumat raha.
• Fir iske baad 1586 se 1598 tak Lahore ko Darul Hukumat banaya gaya.
• 1598 se 1648 tak firse Aagra ko darul Hukumat banaya gaya.
• 1648 se 1857 Mughal sultanat ke khatme tak Darul Hukumat Shahjahanabad (Aaj jise puarani delhi kahte hain) use banaya gaya.

Mughal Sultanat ka naqsha:

Map of Mughal Empire

Aam zabane jo Mughal Sultanat ke dauran boli jati thi:

• Farsi
• Urdu
• Turkish
• Hindi
• Arabic
• Aur digar Hindustani Zabane.

Mughal Badshahon ke Ahem jung:

• Pani pat ki pahli jung – 21 april 1526
• Mughal- Maratha jung 1680 se lekr 1707 har waqt Mughal aur marathon ke bich jung hote rahe.
• Junge karnal- Ye jung afhsar khandan aur Mughal sultanat ke bich 24 february 1739 ko hui thi.
• Karnataka ki jung – Ye jung Mughal sultanat ke aur angrezon ki bich ladi gayi. Isme Mughal ka sath bangal ke nawab aur Hydrabad ke nizam ne diya tha ye jung 1745 se 1764 tak chlti rahi.
• Aur digar choti badi ladayion ka zikr mai aage badshahon ke isme karunga.

Mughal Badshah:

1. Zaheeruddin Muhammad Babur (Mughal Sultanat Ka bani)
2. Naseeruddin Muhammad Humayun (Mugha Sultanat ka Dusra Badshah)
3. Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar
4. Nooruddin Muhammad Salim Jahangir 
5. Shahabuddin Muhammad Khurram Shahjahan 
6. Abul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir

Muhammad Azam Shah:

Mughal Badshah Muhammad Azam Shah

Muhammad Azam shah ki paidaish Burhanpura (madhypradesh) me 28,june 1653 me hui. Ye Auranagzeb aalamgir aur Dilras bano ka bada beta tha.

Shahenshahe Hindustan Aurangzeb aalamgir Rahamatullah Alaih ki wafat ke baad unka sabse bada beta Qutuboddin Muhammed Azam Shah 14 march 1707 ko Mughal Sultanat ka agala Badshah ban kar baitha. Lekin vo zyada din tak Badshah nahi ban saka jiski vajah hai uska chota bhai bahadur Shahb awwal.

Wafat:

 june 1707 me bahadur shah  awwal ne Mohammed Azam Shah par hamla karke use karari shikast di aur Azam shah ko khatal karadiya gaya.

Tomb of Azam Shah,Khuldabad,Aurangabad

Azam shah ki wafat ke baad use Aurangabad se kharib ek muqam hai jiske naam khuldabad me dafan kiya gaya.

Bahaddur Shah Awwal:

Pura naam Laqab ke sath: Abul nasar Sayyid Qutuboddin Muhammad Mauzzam Shah Alam Bahadur Shah  

Bahadur Shah 1

Bahaddur Shah Awwal ka pura naam Qutubuddin mohammed Mauzzam tha. Aur isko apne walid Aurangazeb rahmatullah alaih ne Shah Aalam ka khitab diya tha. Bahadur shah ki paidaish 14,oct 1643 ko hui. Ye Aurangzeb aur Nawab bai ka beta tha.

Shahjahan ke daure hukumat hi mauzzam ko 1653 me lahor ka vazir banaya gaya. Iske baad bahaddur shah ko daccan ka subhedar banaya gaya.

Aurangzeb Alamgir ne apna waris muqarrar nahi kiya tha jiski vajah se Unke beton me jung shuru hogayi. Auranzeb ki wafat ke baad unka beta Muhammad kam baksh Deccan ka subhedar tha, Muhammad azam shah jo Gujrat ka subhedar tha aur Bahadur shah awwal jo tha vo Akberabad,Kabul,lahor ka subhedar tha.

Battle of jajau (Jajau ki jung):

Lekin Azam shah bada beta hone ki vajah se vo taq nashin hua. Bahaddur shah awwal ka manna tha ke vo eka acha badshaha banne ke kabhil tha usne apne bade bhai par hamla kar diya jiski vajah se dono bhaiyyon  me jung hui jise Tarik me junge jajau kaha jata hai. Junge jajau me mauzzam ko fatah hasil hui aur aazam shah mara gaya.

8june 1707 ko Aazam shah ke marne ke baad Mauzzam shah ye Bahaddur shah awwal ke laqab se taqt nasheen hue. Ye apni wafat tak Mughal sultanat ke Badshah ban kar hukumat karte rahe.

Wafat:

1712 me vo Lahore gaye bhue the wahi unki tabiyat bahot nasaz hogayai, Unhe pet ke androni hisse me sujan aai thi. Iss sujan ke vajah se unki wafat hogayi.

Moti Masjid,Maharoli,Delhi

Unki wasiyat ke mutabiq unhe unki tamir kirda moti masjid, Maharoli,Delhi me dafan kiya gaya. Ye moti masjid khwaja Bakhtiyar khaki ki darga ke kharib maujud hai.

Jahandar Shah:

Pura naam laqab ke sath : Mirza Moizuddin Mohammed Jhandar shah bahadur 

Jahandar Shah

Jahandar shah ka pura naam Muizoddin Baig Mohammed Khan tha. Jahandar shah Bahadur Shah awwal ka beta tha. Jiski paidaish 9 may 1661 ko deccan me hui. Iski walida ka naam nizam Bai tha.

Isne bahot kam umri me Balkh ka hakim banadiya gaya. Iske baad Iske walid Bahadur shah ki wafat ke baad 27 february 1712 ko ise taqt par bitha diya gaya. Lekin iske khilaf iske bhatije aur Azimushan ke bete ne baghawat kardi.

Iss baghawat ko kuchalne ke liya jhandar shah ne Apne bhatije Farrukhsiyar aur uske sathi Sayyid brothers par hamla kar diya. In dono chacha bhatije ke bich me aagra ke muqam par jung hui. Jisme jahandar shah ko shikast hasil hui.

12february 1712 ko Iss jung me uska qatal kar diya gaya. Iski wafat ke baad ise maqbarae Humayun (Tomb of Humayun, Delhi) me dafan kiya gaya.  

Farrukhsiyar:

Farrukh Siyar

Pura naam: Abulmuzaffar moinoddin mohammed shah farrukhsiyar Akim akabar sani wala shan badshahe bahaddur

Farrukh Siyar Ki paidaish 20 august 1685 ko Aurangabad me hui. Iske walid ka naam Mohammed Azimuddin tha jo Bahadur shah ka 2ra beta tha. Iske walida ka naam Sahiba niwsan tha.

12 february 1713 ko apne chacha k khatal ke baad Faruk siyar Taqt nasheen hua. Jahandar shah ne Farrukh Siyar ke walid Azimuddin ko khatal kardiya tha. Jiski vajah se jahandar shah ke hhaton me hukumat chali gayi.

Apne walid ka badla lene ke liye apne chacha se baghawat kar usne Apne chacha ko shikast dekr Unhe khatal kardiya. Isne takriban 1719 tak 7saal hukumat kardi.

Ab sayyid birdran aur Farrukh siyar ke bich jung shuru hogayi. Dono ek dusre ke khilaf jung ke liye uter aaye. Dono ki jung me Farrukh siyar ko shikast mili. Sayyid biradran ne Use maut ki saza di.

Wafat:

Tomb of Humayun

Jiske baad use 19 april 1719 ko khatal kar diya gaya. Use Humayun ke maqbare, Delhi me dafan kiya gaya.

Note :- Abhi part-2 par hamara kam chalu hai ek do din me hum iska agla part upload karenge. Puri post padhne ke liye shukriya aur agar likhne me hamse kuch galtiyan hogayi ho to baraye maherbani hame maaf karde.

Part-2>>>>>>>