Sultan Hyder Ali of mysore | History in Hindi/Urdu

Sultan Hyder Ali Khan

Humne pichle kayi post me Mughal sultanat aur Hindustan ke digar badshahon ki tariq ko muqtasar me bayan kiya hai. Aaj hum iss post me Mysore ke sultan aur Tipu sultant ke walid Sultan hyder Ali khan ke bare me baat karenge. Agar aap ne abtak hamare pichle post nahi padhe hain to baraye maherbani padh kar sahi tariq malum karlen.

Sultan Hyder ali 

Hyder Ali ka pura naam Shams-ul-malik Amirud dawla Nawab hyder Ali bahadur tha. Sultan Hyder ali ki paidaish 1720 me badekot, Kolar, Karnataka me hui. Inke walid ka naam fateh mohammed tha.

Jab Unki umar 5 saal ki hui to unke walid Fateh Mohammad ki wafat hogayi. Unke chacha ne unhe fanune ne sipah giri kit alim di. Jiski vajah se vo ek ache sipahi ban kar ubhre. 1752 me Sultan Hyder ali ne Mysore ke raja Krishna raja wadyar ke yaha mulazimat karna shuru kiya.

1755 me mysore par Maratha hamla hua Raja Karishna ki taraf se Sultan Hyder ali badi bahduri se lade. Iss jung me unhe fatah hasil hui. Jiski vajah se Raja ne unhe Mysore ka sipah salar banaya.

1759 me raja ne Sultan Hyder ali ki bahduri ko dekhte hue unhe Nawab hyder ali khan ka khitab diya. Ye mysore ke pahle shaks the jise nawab ka khitab diyta gaya tha Jiski vajah se unhe Mysore ke nawab bhi kaha jata hai.

Taqt Nasheen:

1761 me Mysore ki bad intezami aur raja wadyar ki na ahli ke chalte Sultan Hyder ali ne raja ko taqt se hata diya. Aur khud taqt nasheehn hue aur raja ko maha wari wazifa dekr mahel me nazar band kara diya.

Sultan Hyder ali ke hath me ab mysore ki ek choti si riyasat thi. Iss waqt Hindustan me Mughal sultanat bahot kamzor hochuki thi. 1765 me angrezon ne Mughal Badshah shah alam sani ko wazifa dekr Unki sultanat sirf dehli tak hi mahdud ki. Jiski vajah se Hyder ali ko khudka hukum aur khudki sultanat me koi madaqilat nahi thi.

Sultan Hyder ali ke 4ro aur se unhe dushman ne ghera hua tha Junub me angrezon mashriq me Hyderabad ka nizam aur shumal me Maratha hukumat thi. Jo mysore sultanat ke ittehadi dushman the.

First Angelo-Mysor war:

Hyder Ali ne british Sarkar ko Jununbi Hindustan se bhagane aur Pure hindusta se bhagane ke liye unhone ek khwab dekh tha. Isi vajah se Sultan Hyder ali ne apne pados ke tamam riyaston ko ek karne ki koshish ki lekin vo isme nakam rahe.

Angrez - Nizam - Maratha Alience(Muaheda):

Sultan Hyder ali ke iss koshish ko dekhte hue angrezon ne Maratha aur Nizam se muhayeda kiya jise (Tripartite alience) kahte hain. Jiske vajah se british ab South me bahot taqtwar ho chuke the.

Muaheda Toda:

Lekin Hyder ali ek shatir aur umda dimag wale sultan the. Unhone Maratha Hukumat ko muwayeza dekr unse guzarish ki ke kuch samay ta kiss jung me shamil na ho. Isme hum dono ka hi fayeda hai. Aur Maratha iss baat ke liye man gaye aur inhone jung ke liye inkar lkar diya.

Ab British muayehde me sirf nizam shamil tha. Hyder Ali ne nizam ko ek offer diya jisme inhone kaha ke “agar tum mujhse mil jao to tumhe Iss jung ke fatah ke baad jo bhi milega uska kuch hissa tumhare sultanat me bhi jama kar dunga”. Iss muahede ke liye nizam tayyar hogaya.

Jung ka aagaz:

Iss tarah se brtish muaheda (Tripartite alience) tut gaya. Ab ye jung sirf Sultan Hyder ali aur british ke bich me thi. Ye jung takriban 1766 ko shuru hui. Hyder ali ke pass ache hattyar aur achi salahiyat hone ki vajah se iss jung ka kuch natija nahi nikal raha tha.

Sultan Hyder ali ne apna dimag istemal karte hue Angrezon ke ghutne tekne ka mansuba banaya. Iss mansube ke tahet unhone apni fauj ko Angrezon ke samne tainat rakha. 

Madras ka muhasera:

Aur khud madras ki taraf chal pade. Iss baat ki khabar kisi angrez afser ko nahi thi. 1769 ko unhone madras (Chennai) ka muhasera kar liya.

Iske baad Angrez hukumat me khalbali mach gayi. Kisi ko Sultan Hyder ali se ye ummid nahi thi. Iss vajah se angrezon ne apne ghutne tek diye. Kyuke Angrezon ne ghutne tek diye iss vajah se Sultan Hyder ali ne unpr ek shart rakhi ke angrez har jung me Sultan Hyder ali ka sath denge.

Sulah:

Angrezon ko bhi pata chal gaya tha ke ab hyder ali se ladna mushkil hai. To unhone iss muahede par amal karte hue Sultan Hyder ali ko zaban dekr wada kar diya. Iss ladai ko pahli Angelo-Mysore jung (First Angelo Mysore War) kaha jata hai.

Second agelo-Mysor war:

Maratha-Mysore Jung:

1771 me Maratha aur Hyder ali ke bich firse ek jung hui. Jisme Hyder ali ki Angrezon ne koi madad nahi ki jiski vajah ne angrezon se kiya hua muaheda tut gaya. Ab hyder se birtish se ummid chod  di thi.

French Se dosti:

Sultan Hyder ali ne ab French ke sath apne taluqat ache karna shuru kiye. Mysore sultanat me ek ilaqa hai mahe bolkr waha Fren h ka tijarti markaz tha. French aur agrez ek dusre ke dushman the jiski vajah se Sultan Hyder ali aur French ke bich taluqat ache hogaye.

Ise dekhte hue Angrezon me ek dar paida hua agar inki dosti isi tarah chalti rahi to hame Hindustan chod kar bhagna padega. 

Mahe par Angrezon ka hamla:

Unhone mahe par hamla kar diya jiski vajah se Hyder ali ne unhe lalkara ke ye mera ilaqa hai mujhe italla kiye bagair tumne mahe par hamla kaise kiya.

Anti-English Muaheda:

Ab British ke badhte chalon ko dekhte hue Hyder ali ne Maratha aur nizam se milkr kr ek Anti English muaheda banaya. 1780 me Maratha, Nizam aur hyder ali ne milkr angrezon ke commander col. Ballie ko hara diya.

Angrezon ko ab pata chalgaya tha ke ab vo Sultan Hyder ali ka muqabla nahi kar sakte. Ab angrez ye muaheda todne ki koshish karne lage. Jiske baad ye sir Eyre coot ne ye muaheda tod kar firse oin tino ko mushtarik kar diya.

1781 me porto novo ke muqam par ek badi jung hui. Hyder ali ke sath koi na hone ki vajah se Vo jung me har gaye.

Hyder Ali ki Wafat:

7 december 1782 ko Hyder ali cancer ki vajah se bahot bimar hogaye. Jiski vajah se unki wafat Chittoor, Aandhra Pradesh me  hogayi. Unhe srirangapatna me dafan kiya gaya. Unki wafat ke baad 1984 tak Unke bete shere mysore hazrat tipu sultan ne ye jung ko jari rakha.

Sultan Hyder ali ke bare me haqayaq (Real facts)

• Hyder ali jab taqt par baithe jab unke sultanat me sirf 38 gaon the. Lekin unke umda fane sipah ke chalte unhone apni Riyasat ko badhaya.
• Hyder ali ne koi taleem hasil nahi ki thi lekin iske alawa unke dimag ke chalte bade bade masle chand lamhe me hal kar dete.
• Inhone kabhi kisi majhab ko bura bhala na kaha. Vo har majhab ke logon ko unke majhabi aetebar se nahi balke apni riyaya kin azar se dekhte the.
• Ye shaks ko dekh kar uske chahre se uski khubiyon ka pata laga lete the.
• Sultan Hyder ali ki shaksiyat ke bare me batane ke liye sirf Itna kafi hai ke vo tipu sultan ke walid the.   

Note: Agar humse likhne me ya tariq me kuch glti hogayi ho to hame maaf karden aur Hamari glti ko comment me zaroor bataye hum isi bila taqir sudharne ki koshish karenge.