History of Mamluk Sultanat in Hindi/Urdu

Mamluk Dynasty 

Doston! Humne Mamluk Dynasty ke pichle 3 posts me 3hukumranon ki tarif bayan ki hai jisme hai Mamluk Sultanat ke bani Shahenshahe Hindustan Qutubuddin Aibak, Badshah Iltumish aur Razia Sultana. Aaj ki iss post me hum Mamluk Sultanat ke Dusre badshahon ki Tarikh padhenge.

Mamluk Sultanat ke 11 badshahon ne 1206 se 1290 tak takriban 86 saal Hindustan par hukumat ki. To aaj un sab ki detail me history hasil karenge.

Badshah Qutuboddin Aibak

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Badshah Aaram Shah:

Qutuboddin Aibak ki achanak Ghode se girne ki vajah se wafat hui. Wafat ke baad Qutuboddin Aibak ka beta Aram Shah 5 november 1210 me Dehli ke taqt par taqt nasheen hogaya. Lekin vo ek Aaram pasand aur na ahel Badshah sabit hua.

Aram Shah Ki Na’ahli ko dekhte hue Sultanat ke kayi Subhedaron aur Dusre Turk Sardaron ne use Badshah manne se inkar kar diya. Jiski Vajah se Badshah Iltumish ne Use April 1211 me khatal kar diya. Aur khud Hindustan k eagle Badshah ban gaye.

Badshah Shamsuddin Iltumish:

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Ruknuddin Feroz:

Shamsuddin Iltumish ne apne Zindagi me hi apne beton ki Sharab noshi aur ayyashi ko dekhte hue Apni Beti Razia Sultan ko Wali ahed bana diya tha. Lekin April 1236 me Badshah Shamsuddin Iltumish ki wafat ke baad unka bada beta ruknuddin Feroz zaberdasti taqt nasheen hua.

30 April 1236 ko Ruknuddin Feroz taqt nasheen hua lekin vo abhi bhi Sharab noshi me hi rahta tha jiski vajah se Hukumat ka mahol bigadne laga intezamat bigadne lage. Iss Alam ko dekhte hue Mahel ke tamam vazeer aur uski Bahen Razia Sultan ne uske khilaf Baghawat kar di.

Jiske natije me 20 november 1236 ko ruknuddin Feroz mara gaya. Iske baad Razia Sultana Dehli ke agle hukumran ke taur par Taqt nasheen hui.

Razia Sultana:

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Moizzuddin Behram shah:

Moizzoddion Behram Shah ye Shamsuddin Iltumish ka dusra beta aur Razia Sultana ka bhai tha. Aap sab ne Razia Sultana ke Post me Moizoddin Bahram Badshah kaise bana ye to padha hi hoga nahi padha to mai upper link diya hun uspr visit karke Zaroor Padhen.

Moizoddin Behram ne 15 october 1240 se 10 may 1242 tak takriban 1.5 saal tak hukumat ki iske baad vo ek jung me mara gaya.

Alauddin Masud:

Mamluk Sultanat ka 7wa sultan Alauddin Maasud tha jo Razia Sultana ka Bhatija aur Ruknuddin Feroz ka Beta tha. Apne chacha ki wafat ke baad 10 may 1242 ko Alauddin Masud ne Dehli Sultanat ka Iqtedar sambhala.

Alauddin Masud ki umar kam hone ki vajah se uske pass zyada iqtewdar nahi the aur 3 saal ke baad use taqt se hata diya gaya Nasiruddin Mahmud ko taqt par bithaya gaya.

Nasiruddin Mahmud:

Nasiruddin Mahmud ye Mamluk Sultanat ka 8wa Badshah tha. Jo Badshah Shamsuddin Iltumish ka Sabse chota beta tha. Iski paidaish 1228 me hui. 1145 me Alauddin Masud ko taqt se hatane ke baad Nasiruddin Mahmud Taqt nasheen hua.

Nasiruddin Mahmud ek Intehai Nek aur Ibadat Guzar shaks tha. Vo aksar apna waqt ibadat me laga diya karta tha. Shamsuddin Iltumish ki tarah hi Nasiruddin Mahmud apni adal aur insaf pasanda ke liye mashur tha.

Inhone 10 june 1245 se 18 febraury 1266 tak takriban 21 saal hukumat ki. Inke daure Hukumat me Sultanat ki halat bahot sudhar gaye the. Har jagah Insaf pasandi se kam kiya jane laga.

Inhone apna nayab Giyasuddin Balbal ko banaya tha. Ghiyasuddin Balban hi tamam intezamate Hukumat sambhala karte the.

18 febraury 1266 ko Nasiruddin Feroz ki wafat hui. Unka koi waris na hone ki vajah se unke nayab Ghiyasoddin Balban ne hukumat ka iqtedar sambhala.

Ghiyasoddin Balban:

Gyisuddin Balban ki Paidaish 1201 me hui uska paidaishi naam Bahoddin tha. Vo Khandane Gulaman ke the. Bachpan me hi unhe Mongolon ne pakad liya tha, Pakad kr unhe Afghanistan ke muqam ghazni laya gaya jaha unhe Suf Jamaloddin ne kharid liya. Waha se unhe 1232 me delhi laya gaya.

jahan Unhen aur unke tamam doston ko Badshah Iltumish ne kharid liya aur fir unki taleem aur tarbiyat ka pura khayal karte hue unhe apne darbar me Shamil kar liya. Giyasoddin Balban ye Mamluk Sultanat ke sultan aur Sultan Iltumish ka beta Nasiroddin Mahmud ka vajir aala tha.

Sultan Nasiroddin Ki wafat ke baad 1266 me bahoddin ne Gyasodin Balban ke laqab ke sath taqt nasheen hogaye. Kyu ke Sultan Nasiroddin ka koi waris nahi tha. Sultan ne taqt par bathte hi apne sultanat ke bhagdod sambhal li. Unhone ne kayi naye khwaneen lane par apni raye rakhi.

Unke daure Hukumat me Sharab par mukammil pabandi thi. Vo ek insaf pasand Badshah the jiski vajah se Sultanat ki tamam Awam khushhal rahne lagi. Vo mujrimon ko aisi saza diya karte ke koi agle dafa jurm karne ka khayal tak dil me na lata.

Ghiyasuddin Balban 18 febraury 1266 se 13 january 1287 tak takriban 20 saal tak Dehli ke Sultan ke taur par hukumat ki.  

Moizuddin kiqbad:

Ghiyasoddin Balban ki Wafat ke baad Unka pota Moizuddin Kiqbad 13 January 1287 ko Dehli Sultanat ka 10wa Badshah bana. Uske walid Baghra Khan the jo Bengal ke Aazad Subhedar the.

Ghiyasuddin Balban ne pahle Baghra khan ko Badshah banne ka mauka diya. Lekin Baghra khan ne inkar kar diya kyu ke vo pahle se hi Aazad Subhedar tha. Moizuddin Kiqbad ne takriban 3saal tak Mamluk Sultanat ko sanbhale rakha.

Lekin 3saal ke baad Moizoddin Kiqbad bimar rahne laga jiski vajah se uske khilaf Khiljiyon ki baghawate hone lagi. 1 Febraury 1290 me Khiljiyon ne Moizoddin Kiqbad par hamla kar diya. Jiske natije me Moizoddin Kiqbad shaheed hogaya.

Shamsuddin Kayumars:

Shamsuddin Kayumars ye Moizuddin Kiqbad ka beta tha. Moizuddin Kiqbad ki wafat ke Waqt Shamsuddin Kayumars ki umerc mahez 5 saal hi thi. 5saal ki umer me hi use Badshahi ka iqtedar milgaya tha. Lekin Jalaloddin Feroz khilji ne Use ikhtedar se hata diya.

Mamluk Sultanat ka Khatema:

Iss tarah Dehli Sultanat par Hukumat karne wale pahle khandan Mamluk Sultanat ka khatema hogaya.

Note: Agar hum se likhne me kuch glti hogayi ho to bray maherbani comment karke zaroor batayen hum glti sudharne ki puri koshish karenge. Shukriya!